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CVA6

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CVA6 is a configurable six-stage, in-order CORE-V processor family for 32-bit and 64-bit embedded and application-class systems. Its RTL includes both single-issue configurations, such as CV32A60X, and dual-issue configurations, such as CV32A65X. ISA extensions, privilege modes, and virtual memory depend on the selected configuration: application configurations can run Linux, while the embedded CV32A60X and CV32A65X configurations have no MMU or S/U modes. The repository brings together processor RTL, verification, FPGA integration, and documentation for engineers evaluating a core or exploring custom extensions through CV-X-IF.

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Category: Processor CoresStatus: OpenHW · ActiveBest for: Engineer
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Interactive project guide · DemoCVA6: Capabilities, Systems and Evidence

At a glance

  • Architecture: six-stage, in-order family; CV32A60X is single-issue and CV32A65X is dual-issue in the reviewed RTL
  • Configuration boundary: ISA extensions, S/U privilege modes, MMU, TLBs, and page-table walking are configuration-dependent, not universal family features
  • Embedded examples: CV32A60X and CV32A65X disable the MMU, S/U modes, and A extension; select an appropriate application configuration for Linux
  • Readiness: CV32A60X v5.3 has achieved OpenHW TRL-5; readiness must be checked per configuration rather than assumed for the whole family
  • Ecosystem: user manual, verification environment, FPGA APU, tutorials, CV-X-IF support, and a performance model for microarchitecture studies

Further resources

CVA6 User Manualofficial documentation on ReadTheDocsCORE-V family roadmap & release tablefamily configurations, TRL status, marchid assignmentsCVA6 ecosystem resources (RESOURCES.md)building blocks, designs, and partners gathered by the projectCVA6 Kanban boardplanned improvements tracked by the projectCVA6 SDKbuild a bootable Linux image (toolchain, OpenSBI, U-Boot, kernel)CVA6 dashboard (Thales CI)continuous-integration status linked from the README badgeCVA6 Tier CI Dashboardlatest status, coverage matrix, trends, and run history for the reference, Tier 1, and Tier 2 GitHub Actions workflowsFounding publication (Zaruba & Benini, IEEE TVLSI 2019)the citation recommended by the repository
3,133stars
1,031forks
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Categories

Processor Cores

Tags

OpenHWRISC-VCoreEmbedded-classApplication-classArianeASICCPUFPGARV64GC

Suitable For

EngineerResearcherContributor

Architecture / Focus

Embedded-classApplication-class

Contribution ActivityHighly Active

216

Contributors

234

Open Issues

56

Recent Commits (4 weeks)

32

Open PRs

Data as of Sep 28, 2026

Knowledge Base

5 paper(s)

The Cost of Application-Class Processing: Energy and Performance Analysis of a Linux-Ready 1.7-GHz 64-Bit RISC-V Core in 22-nm FDSOI Technology

Florian Zaruba, Luca Benini

IEEE Transactions on VLSI Systems, 2019

View Paper

OpenPiton+Ariane: The First Open-Source, SMP Linux-booting RISC-V System Scaling From One to Many Cores

Jonathan Balkind et al.

Computer Architecture Research with RISC-V Workshop (CARRV), 2019

View Paper

Culsans: An Efficient Snoop-based Coherency Unit for the CVA6 Open Source RISC-V application processor

Riccardo Tedeschi et al.

arXiv preprint, 2024

View Paper

CVA6-VMRT: A Modular Approach Towards Time-Predictable Virtual Memory in a 64-bit Application Class RISC-V Processor

Christopher Reinwardt et al.

arXiv preprint, 2025

View Paper

Occamy: A 432-Core 28.1 DP-GFLOP/s/W 83% FPU Utilization Dual-Chiplet, Dual-HBM2E RISC-V-Based Accelerator for Stencil and Sparse Linear Algebra Computations with 8-to-64-bit Floating-Point Support in 12nm FinFET

Gianna Paulin, Paul Scheffler, Thomas Benz, et al.

2024 IEEE Symposium on VLSI Technology and Circuits, 2024

View Paper

Verified adoption, contributor and lineage records, educational use, presentations, articles, and ecosystem data will be added incrementally from named sources.

Related Projects

CORE-V Verification

core-v-verif is shared functional-verification infrastructure for CORE-V processors. It combines reusable UVM components, simulation Makefiles, verification libraries, utilities, vendor dependencies, and DV plans, with dedicated directories for CV32E40P, CV32E40X, and CV32E40S. Verification engineers can start with the common methodology and then select a core-specific flow. For CVA6, use the verif directory in the CVA6 repository: the current core-v-verif tree does not contain a CVA6-specific directory, although CVA6-related environments can reuse its shared components.

CVFPU

CVFPU, also known as FPnew, is a parameterized SystemVerilog floating-point unit for processors and accelerators. Its built-in formats are FP32, FP64, FP16, FP8, and FP16ALT, with configurable operations, pipeline behavior, and optional packed SIMD. Other exponent and mantissa widths require extending the format definitions and checking the affected operations and verification coverage; binary128 is not a built-in selectable format. The design serves both conventional RISC-V floating point and transprecision research. It targets IEEE 754-2008 behavior, with documented rounding and inexact-flag limitations in the optional PULP DivSqrt implementation.

CV-HPDCache

CV-HPDCache is a configurable, high-performance L1 data-cache controller for RISC-V cores and accelerators. Its multi-requester, non-blocking architecture can keep multiple reads and writes in flight, execute non-overlapping accesses out of order, and support write-through or write-back policies together with RISC-V cache-management and atomic operations. It is aimed at SoC and microarchitecture engineers who need reusable cache IP; CVA6 provides a concrete integration path, while verification limitations should be reviewed in the separate cv-hpdcache-verif project.

CV-X-IF (eXtension Interface)

CV-X-IF, the CORE-V eXtension Interface, specifies how custom coprocessors and instruction-set extensions connect to a RISC-V CPU. Its basic channels handle compressed instructions, instruction issue, register operands, commit control, and results, allowing accelerator logic to remain outside the host pipeline. Memory and memory-result channels are optional and depend on the specification version and processor implementation. Integrators should check both sides of the interface against the same supported protocol; this is an interface specification, not a ready-made accelerator or a general mechanism for arbitrary control-flow and privileged extensions.

CV-MESH

CV-MESH is an early-stage OpenHW repository for cache-coherence and interconnect components derived from the OpenPiton context. Its public tree contains bridges, L1.5 and L2 cache logic, and network-on-chip blocks, and related OpenHW platforms use CV-MESH in multicore integration work. Public top-level documentation is still missing, so the repository is suitable mainly for experienced engineers tracing existing RTL; topology, supported scale, protocol details, and maturity cannot yet be assessed from a stable public specification.

CVA6-Safe

CVA6-Safe is an experimental CVA6-based subsystem that can operate as a dual-core lockstep pair or as two independent cores. In lockstep mode it adds comparison-based fault detection and cache error detection/correction; split mode trades those protections for a regular dual-core asymmetric-multiprocessing setup. The project is relevant to engineers studying fault-tolerant RISC-V architectures, but the public design documentation is still incomplete and the repository does not claim an ISO 26262 certification.

CORE-V Polara APU

CORE-V Polara APU is a multicore vector-processing research platform that combines ideas and code from Ara with the OpenPiton manycore infrastructure. Its documented configuration connects four RISC-V vector cores and includes low-precision operations relevant to DNN inference. The repository is aimed at researchers evaluating vector and multicore systems; reproducing its flows requires a vector-capable RISC-V LLVM toolchain and supported commercial simulators.

CVA6 SDK

CVA6 SDK is the Buildroot-based path for producing a complete bootable Linux image for CVA6 FPGA systems. A single build coordinates the RISC-V toolchain, OpenSBI, U-Boot and device tree, Linux kernel, initramfs, and root filesystem, then packages them into a flashable SD-card image. It is the practical starting point for users bringing up 32-bit or 64-bit CVA6 on Genesys 2 or Agilex 7; teams committed to Yocto should compare it with meta-cva6-yocto.

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